Written by Amol Shah, on Jun-2008

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20.                 DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM

A data acquisition system is devices designed to measure and log some parameters. The purpose of the data acquisition system is generally the analysis of the logged data and the improvement of the object of measurements. Data logging, carried out by a data acquisition system (DAS), can be used to measure parameters such as temperature and humidity in storage facilities with perishable products; the measurement data is then stored for analysis to improve quality assurance.A Micro-Controller (8951/8952) based system is used to measure different parameters like Temperature, Humidity, RPM, Pulses after specific interval. This can be ON-LINE as well as OFF-LINE system. In online system the data is directly sent to the computer so the computer should be ON till the system is ON. Whereas in the OFF-LINE system the data is stored in an EEPROM & when the PC is connected the data can be downloaded into the PC.

21.                 Power Line Monitoring & Protection

There is a need to monitor the voltage, current & frequency to protect devices from variation of these parameters. Our device is based on 8951/52 microcontroller & it monitors voltage, frequency & current & if these parameters go below or above the set limit a relay is turned ON which can be used to cut the power till the parameters return back to normal.A Current Transformer is used to monitor change in current where as a power Transformer is used to monitor the voltage. The signal from the two transformers as filtered & then given to the ADC which converts it into digital values & gives it to the microcontroller. The controller then compares it with the set point & accordingly Turns ON/OFF the relay.A LCD is used to display the values & set points. A keypad is used to change the set points. 

22.                 Solar Tracker

A solar tracker is a device for orienting a solar photovoltaic panel or concentrating solar reflector or lens toward the sun. The sun's position in the sky varies both with the seasons (elevation) and time of day as the sun moves across the sky. Solar powered equipment works best when pointed at or near the sun, so a solar tracker can increase the effectiveness of such equipment over any fixed position, at the cost of additional system complexity.Sensors are used to detect the exact position of the sun. The outputs of the sensors are given to a Microcontroller which then decides in which direction the panel should be moved. Motors are used to move the panel in the required direction.

23.                 Unmanned Petrol Pump

Today almost all petrol pumps have a microcontroller to control the electrical pump, drive the display, measure the flow & accordingly turn OFF the electrical pump. But still a person is required to collect the money. Our project is designed to eliminate this human interaction so that there is no need of workers to fill the petrol.In this system all drivers have a RFID card called as ‘PETRO CARD’. This ‘Petro Card’ can be recharged at ‘RECHARGE POINTS’. At the Petrol Pump the driver swaps the card, the petrol pump is equipped with a RFID reader/write. The RFID reader reads the amount in the card & is displayed on the LCD. The driver then enters the quantity of petrol that has to be filled. The corresponding amount is calculated & deducted from the PETRO CARD. The electrical pump is then turned ON according to the entered amount.

24.                 E-Nurse

It is required to give medicines to patients on time. In this project the doctor has to enter the time & the dosage to be injected & the microcontroller injects the medicine at the set time.A RTC is used to save the real time; LCD is used to display the real time, the time the injection is to be given & the amount to be given. At the set time the controller will turn ON the motor for a duration defined by the dosage amount.

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